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- [i] عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَا عَمِلَ ابْنُ آدَمَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ عَمَلًا أَحَبَّ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، مِنْ هِرَاقَةِ دَمٍ، وَإِنَّهُ لَيَأْتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، بِقُرُونِهَا، وَأَظْلَافِهَا، وَأَشْعَارِهَا، وَإِنَّ الدَّمَ، لَيَقَعُ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، بِمَكَانٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقَعَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ، فَطِيبُوا بِهَا نَفْسًا» (سنن ابن ماجه رقم الحديث 3126
- [ii] وفي الاختيارلتعليل المختار وَهِيَ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ حُرٍّ مُقِيمٍ مُوسِرٍ (ج 5 ص 16
- كتاب الفتاوى ج 4 ص 132 زمزم
- [iii] أحسن الفتاوى ج 7 ص 512 أيج ايم سعيد
- وفي حاشية ابن عابدين على الدر المختار
- لَهُ مَالٌ كَثِيرٌ غَائِبٌ فِي يَدِ مُضَارِبِهِ أَوْ شَرِيكِهِ وَمَعَهُ مِنْ الْحَجَرَيْنِ أَوْ مَتَاعِ الْبَيْتِ مَا يُضَحِّي بِهِ تَلْزَمُ (ج 6 ص 312 أيج ايم سعيد
- وفي الفتاوى الهندية
- له دَيْنٌ حَالٌّ أو مُؤَجَّلٌ على مُقِرٍّ مَلِيٍّ وَلَيْسَ في يَدِهِ ما يُمَكِّنُهُ شِرَاءَ الْأُضْحِيَّةِ لَا يَلْزَمُهُ أَنْ يَسْتَقْرِضَ فَيُضَحِّيَ وَلَا يَلْزَمُهُ قِيمَتُهَا إذَا وَصَلَ إلَيْهِ الدَّيْنُ لَكِنْ يَلْزَمُهُ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ منه ثَمَنَ الْأُضْحِيَّةِ إذَا غَلَبَ على ظَنِّهِ أَنَّهُ يَدْفَعُهُ له (ج 5 ص 307 مكتبة رشيدية
- وفي الفتاوى البزازية
- له ديون مؤجلة وليس عنده ما يشتريها به لا تلزم (ج 2 ص 406 دار الكتب العلمية
- له دين حال على مقر مليء وليس عنده ما يشتريها به لا يلزمه الاستقراض ولا قيمة الأضحية إذا وصل الدين إليه (ج 2 ص 406 دار الكتب العلمية
- وفي الفتاوى الهندية
- له مَالٌ كَثِيرٌ غَائِبٌ في يَدِ شَرِيكِهِ أو مُضَارِبِهِ وَمَعَهُ ما يَشْتَرِي بِهِ الْأُضْحِيَّةَ من الْحَجَرَيْنِ أو مَتَاعِ الْبَيْتِ تَلْزَمُهُ الْأُضْحِيَّةُ كَذَا في الْقُنْيَةِ (الفتاوى الهندية ج 5 ص 307 مكتبة رشيدية
When calculating your Zakaat, you consider the money that is owed to you. Will this apply on the days of qurbaani also when seeing if it incumbent upon one to slaughter or not?
Answer:
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.
Udhiyyah (animal sacrifice) is a demonstration of total submission to Allah and a proof of complete obedience to Allah’s will or command. When a Muslim offers an Udhiyyah this is exactly what he intends to prove. Thus, the Udhiyyah offered signifies that he is a slave of Allah at his best. And that he would not hesitate even for a moment once he receives an absolute command from his Creator to surrender before it, to obey it willingly, even if it be at the price of his life and possessions. Consider the following hadīth:
The Prophet (salallahu alaihi wasallam) said,
“The son of Adam does not perform any action on the day of sacrifice which is more pleasing to Allah than the shedding of blood (performing the animal sacrifice). He will come on the day of resurrection with its hair, horns and hooves, and the blood certainly will fall in a place near Allah before it falls on the ground. So, purify yourselves there with. (Sunan Ibn Majah)[i]
In principle, the ritual slaughter is obligatory on every adult Muslim, male or female, who owns 612.36 grams of silver or its equivalent in money, personal ornaments, stock-in-trade or any other form of wealth which is in excess of one’s basic personal needs in the days of Udhīyyah (10,11,12 Zul Hijjah).[ii]
When gauging if performing Udhiyyah is compulsory or not, two factors are considered:
1) One’s net assets are equivalent to the nisāb (threshold) or more.
2) One possesses sufficient funds to pay for a sacrificial animal.
Like zakāt, when calculating one’s net assets, receivables are also taken into consideration. If one’s net assets are equivalent to the nisāb (threshold) or more, then one will be required to perform Udhīyyah. However, if one has the nisāb but does not currently possess sufficient funds to purchase a sacrificial animal, or he does not possess surplus assets which he can liquidate and purchase a sacrificial animal, then it will not be obligatory for him to perform Udhiyyah.[iii]
And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best
Mufti Faraz Adam,
www.darulfiqh.com