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Question:

asalamu alaykum, does holding in wind break wudhu? [Published as received]

The Fatwa

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

The Answer

Withholding wind does not invalidate Wuแธลซโ€™.

The Fiqh of the Answer

Imam Burhฤn al-Dฤซn Ibn Mฤzah al-Bukhฤrฤซ (d.616 AH) writes that there are no differing views in the fact that releasing wind from the posterior invalidates Wuแธลซโ€™. Mullฤ Khusru (d.885 AH) describes the releasing, or exiting, of wind as that which comes from the inside, all the way out, in a manner that any reasonable person understands that he has released wind. This, as Imam Husฤm al-Dฤซn al-Sighnฤqฤซ (d.711 AH) writes, is because the states of purity and impurity are two opposing states and cannot co-exist. Thus the presence of one is immediately an indicator of the absence of the other.

The invalidating of Wuแธลซโ€™ rests upon two principles; one that is Qiyฤs and is Maสฟqลซl al-Maสฟnฤ, and the other that is Istiแธฅsฤn, known from the Shฤriสฟ. The principle that is Qiyฤs and Maสฟqลซl al-Maสฟnฤ is the concept of Khurลซj al-Najฤsah (exiting of impurity); Any exit of impurity whether actual (Mutayaqqan) or probable (Ghฤliban) breaks the Wuแธลซโ€™. An example of Istiแธฅsฤn is the Qahqaha (laughing audibly in แนขalฤh).

The wind itself is not inherently impure according to the Fuqahฤโ€™, as narrated by Mullฤ Khusru (d.885 AH), Ibn Nujaym (d.970 AH) and Imam al-Shurunbulฤlฤซ (d.1069 AH), similar to a burp. However, Imam al-Sarakhsฤซ (d.483 AH) states that since the wind has been released from a locus of Najฤsah, it is deemed an invalidator.Imam al-Kฤsฤnฤซ (d.587 AH) states that even though wind is pure in and of itself, it always exits by pushing out some impurity, no matter how small that is. The exit of impurity and filth from the posterior, regardless of its size, will invalidate Wuแธลซโ€™. This probability and likelihood of the release of impurity is strengthened by the reality that the wind is being pushed out from the locus of Najฤsah and passes Najฤsah on its way out. The wind cannot exit except by passing out of the locus of Najฤsah. Hence, the wind is a force that pushes past and out of the locus of Najฤsah, and it is very likely that there is an exit of Najฤsah, no matter how microscopic it maybe. However, the wind itself is not impure, as the Najฤsah has not infused and dissolved into the wind; the wind only scatters, disperses and carries the Najฤsah; the Najฤsah is a solid, and the wind is a gas. These two states of matter do not mix and infuse with one another. It is on this count that the wind remains pure, whilst the impure elements are the filth and microscopic solid parts of Najฤsah, if any.

To further clarify the above matter, Ibn Nujaym (d.970 AH) discusses that if the wind was to be released onto underwear, that underwear will not become impure, as the wind is pure in and of itself. It is just air. However, air that is released and flows out of the locus of Najฤsah invalidates. The underwear does not become impure unless there is Ghalabah al-แบ’ann or Yaqฤซn of Najฤsah being present on the underwear. We have Ghalabah al-แบ’ann or Yaqฤซn of the exit of wind, that invalidates Wuแธลซโ€™. Nonetheless, that is not sufficient to extend the ruling of impurity onto another body or entity, such as underwear. The underwear is pure unless there is Ghalabah al-แบ’ann or Yaqฤซn that it has become impure. Thus, the underwear is treated independently with its own state of แนฌahฤrah and will only be deemed impure if there is Ghalabah al-แบ’ann or Yaqฤซn of impurity. Every entity is treated independently, mere chance or doubt does not invalidate Yaqฤซn.

And Almighty Allah Alone Knows Bestย 

Maulana Mohammed Aneesur Rahman
Trainee Mufti

Reviewed and approved by
Mufti Faraz Adam
Darul Iftaa Muadh ibn Jabal
www.darulfiqh.comย 

DISCLAIMER:

The views and opinions expressed in this answer belong only to the author and do not in any way represent or reflect the views of any institutions to which he may be affiliated.

Arguments and ideas propounded in this answer are based on the juristic interpretations and reasoning of the author. Given that contemporary issues and interpretations of contemporary issues are subjective in nature, another Mufti may reach different conclusions to the one expressed by the author. Whilst every effort has been taken to ensure total accuracy and soundness from a Shariโ€™ah perspective, the author is open to any correction or juristic guidance. On the event of any juristic shortcomings, the author will retract any or all of the conclusions expressed within this answer.

The Shariโ€™ah ruling given herein is based specifically on the scenario in question.ย  The author bears no responsibility towards any party that acts or does not act on this answer and is exempted from any and all forms of loss or damage.ย  This answer may not be used as evidence in any court of law without prior written consent from the author.ย  Consideration is only given and is restricted to the specific links provided, the author does not endorse nor approve of any other content the website may contain.

ูˆุฅู† ุฎุฑุฌุช ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุจุฑ ูˆุฌุจ ุงู„ูˆุถูˆุก ุจู„ุง ุฎู„ุงู (ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุท ุงู„ุจุฑู‡ุงู†ูŠ ู„ู„ุจุฎุงุฑูŠ)

ุญุฏ ุงู„ุฎุฑูˆุฌ ุงู„ุงู†ุชู‚ุงู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุงุทู† ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุธุงู‡ุฑ ูˆุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุนุฑู ุจุงู„ุณูŠู„ุง ู† ุนู† ู…ูˆุถุนู‡ (ุฏุฑุฑ ุงู„ุญูƒุงู… ู„ู…ู†ู„ุง ุฎุณุฑูˆ)

-ู‚ูˆู„ู‡: (ูˆู„ุฃู† ุฎุฑูˆุฌ ุงู„ู†ุฌุงุณุฉ ู…ุคุซุฑ ููŠ ุฒูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุทู‡ุงุฑุฉ)ุ› ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุฌุงุณุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ุทู‡ุงุฑุฉ ู…ุชู†ุงููŠุชุงู† ููƒุงู† ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฅุญุฏูŠู‡ู…ุง ู…ุคุซุฑู‹ุง ููŠ ุฒูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู„ุง ู…ุญุงู„ุฉ ูƒุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ูˆุงู„ุณูƒูˆู†ุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฃู…ุฑ ู…ุนู‚ูˆู„ (ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุณุบู†ุงู‚ูŠ)

(ูˆูŽ) ุฎูุฑููˆุฌู (ุฑููŠุญู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฏููˆุฏูŽุฉู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุญูŽุตูŽุงุฉู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูุจูุฑู) ุฐูŽูƒูŽุฑูŽ ุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญูŽ ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌูŒ ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ุณูŽ ุจูู†ูŽุฌูŽุณู ู…ูŽุนูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู†ูŽุงู‚ูุถูŒ ู„ูู…ูุฌูŽุงูˆูŽุฑูŽุฉู ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุฌูŽุณู ูˆูŽุฐูŽูƒูŽุฑูŽ ุงู„ู’ุขุฎูŽุฑูŽูŠู’ู†ู ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู…ูŽุง ู…ูŽุนูŽู‡ูู…ูŽุง ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุฌูŽุณู (ุฏุฑุฑ ุงู„ุญูƒุงู… ู„ู…ู†ู„ุง ุฎุณุฑูˆ)

(ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ุฐูŽูƒูŽุฑูŽ ุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญูŽ ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌูŒ ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ุณูŽ ุจูู†ูŽุฌูŽุณู) ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุญููŠุญู (ุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุบู†ูŠุฉ ุฐูˆูŠ ุงู„ุฃุญูƒุงู… ููŠ ุจุบูŠุฉ ุฏุฑุฑ ุงู„ุฃุญูƒุงู… ู„ู„ุดุฑู†ุจู„ุงู„ูŠ)

ุงู„ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ุธุงู‡ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุณุจูŠู„ูŠู† ู…ูˆุตูˆู ุจุงู„ุฎุฑูˆุฌุ› ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฎุฑูˆุฌ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ุงู†ุชู‚ุงู„ ุนู† ู…ุญู„ ุจุงุทู† ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุญู„ ุธุงู‡ุฑ (ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุณุบู†ุงู‚ูŠ)

ย (ูˆุงู„ุฏู… ูˆุงู„ู‚ูŠุญ ุฅุฐุง ุฎุฑุฌุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฏู† ูุชุฌุงูˆุฒุง ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุถุน ูŠู„ุญู‚ู‡ ุญูƒู… ุงู„ุชุทู‡ูŠุฑ) ุด: ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุนุทูˆู ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ูˆู„ู‡: ยซูƒู„ ู…ุง ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณุจูŠู„ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุนุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู†ู‚ุถ ุงู„ูˆุถูˆุกยป ุงู„ุฏู… ูˆุงู„ู‚ูŠุญ ุฅู† ุฃุฎุฑุฌุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฏู† ูˆู‡ู‡ู†ุง ู‚ูŠูˆุฏ.
ุงู„ุฃูˆู„: ุงู„ุฎุฑูˆุฌ ู„ุฃู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู†ุฌุงุณุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ู†ุงู‚ุถุฉ ู…ุง ู„ู… ูŠูˆุตู ุจุงู„ุฎุฑูˆุฌ ูˆุฅู„ุง ู„ู…ุง ุญุตู„ุช ุงู„ุทู‡ุงุฑุฉ ู„ุดุฎุต ู…ุง.
ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ: ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฏู† ูˆุฃุฑุงุฏ ุจู‡ ุงู„ุญูŠ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฅุฐุง ุฎุฑุฌุช ู…ู† ุจุฏู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุช ุจุนุฏ ุบุณู„ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠูˆุฌุจ ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุบุณู„ู‡ ุจู„ ุชูˆุฌุจ ุบุณู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถุน ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุง ุณูŠุฃุชูŠ.
ูˆุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ: ุงู„ุชุฌุงูˆุฒ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุถุน ูŠู„ุญู‚ู‡ ุญูƒู… ุงู„ุชุทู‡ูŠุฑ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงุญุชุฑุงุฒ ุนู…ุง ูŠุจุฏูˆ ูˆู„ู… ูŠุชุฌุงูˆุฒ ูุฅู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠุณู…ู‰ ุฎุงุฑุฌุงุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ูŠุณู…ู‰ ุจุงุฏูŠุง ูˆููŠู‡ ุฑุฏ ู„ุฒูุฑ ๏ต€ ูุฅู†ู‡ ุธู† ุฃู† ุงู„ุจุงุฏูŠ ุฎุงุฑุฌ ูุฃูˆุฌุจ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ูˆุถูˆุก.
ูˆุงู„ุดุฑุท ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน: ุฃู† ูŠู„ุญู‚ ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ูˆุถุน ุงู„ุชุทู‡ูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุฉ ูƒู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุจุฉ ุญุชู‰ ู„ูˆ ุณุงู„ ุงู„ุฏู… ู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุฃุณ ุฅู„ู‰ ู‚ุตุจุฉ ุงู„ุฃู†ู ูŠู†ุชู‚ุถ ุงู„ูˆุถูˆุก ุจุฎู„ุงู ุงู„ุจูˆู„ ุฅุฐุง ู†ุฒู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ู‚ุตุจุฉ ุงู„ุฐูƒุฑ ูˆู„ู… ุชุธู‡ุฑ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุฌุงุณุฉ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู„ู… ุชุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุถุน ูŠู„ุญู‚ู‡ ุญูƒู… ุงู„ุชุทู‡ูŠุฑุŒ ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุฃู†ู ูˆุตู„ุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุฅุฐ ุงู„ุงุณุชู†ุดุงู‚ ูุฑุถ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุจุฉุŒ ูˆุงู„ูุงุก ููŠ ู‚ูˆู„ู‡: ูุชุฌุงูˆุฒ ุชูุณูŠุฑูŠุฉ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชูุณุฑ ุงู„ุฎุฑูˆุฌ ูˆุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ููŠ ู‚ูˆู„ู‡: ยซุญูƒู… ุงู„ุชุทู‡ูŠุฑยป ู…ู† ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฎุงุต ูƒู‚ูˆู„ู‡ู…: ุนู„ู… ุงู„ุทุจุŒ ุฃูŠ ุญูƒู…ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุชุทู‡ูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุฉ ูƒู…ุง ุฐูƒุฑู†ุง. (ุงู„ุจู†ุงูŠุฉ)

ย ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุฑูุฏู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุตูŽู†ู‘ููู ุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญู ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌูŽุฉู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ุฐู‘ูŽูƒูŽุฑู ูˆูŽููŽุฑู’ุฌู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉูุŒ ููŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ู„ูŽุง ุชูŽู†ู’ู‚ูุถู ุงู„ู’ูˆูุถููˆุกูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุญููŠุญูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ูู…ูŽุง ุงุฎู’ุชูู„ูŽุงุฌูŒุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ุณูŽ ุจูุฑููŠุญู ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽูˆู’ ุณูู„ู‘ูู…ูŽ ููŽู„ูŽูŠู’ุณูŽุชู’ ุจูู…ูู†ู’ุจูŽุนูุซูŽุฉู ุนูŽู†ู’ ู…ูŽุญูŽู„ู‘ู ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุฌูŽุงุณูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญู ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽู†ู’ู‚ูุถู ุฅู„ู‘ูŽุง ู„ูุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ู„ูŽุงุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุนูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽู‡ูŽุง ู†ูŽุฌูุณูŽุฉูŒุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุญููŠุญูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุนูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุทูŽุงู‡ูุฑูŽุฉูŒ ุญูŽุชู‘ูŽู‰ ู„ูŽูˆู’ ู„ูŽุจูุณูŽ ุณูŽุฑูŽุงูˆููŠู„ูŽ ู…ูุจู’ุชูŽู„ู‘ูŽุฉู‹ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงุจู’ุชูŽู„ู‘ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุฃูŽู„ู’ูŠูŽุชูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูˆู’ุถูุนู ุงู„ู‘ูŽุฐููŠ ูŠูŽู…ูุฑู‘ู ุจูู‡ู ุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญู ููŽุฎูŽุฑูŽุฌูŽ ุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญู ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุชูŽู†ูŽุฌู‘ูŽุณูุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ู ุงู„ู’ุนูŽุงู…ู‘ูŽุฉู ูˆูŽู…ูŽุง ู†ูู‚ูู„ูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู„ู’ูˆูŽุงู†ููŠู‘ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ู„ูŽุง ูŠูุตูŽู„ู‘ููŠ ุจูุณูŽุฑูŽุงูˆููŠู„ูู‡ู ููŽูˆูŽุฑูŽุนูŒ ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ู (ุงู„ุจุญุฑ ุงู„ุฑุงุฆู‚)

ูˆูŽุฅูุฐูŽุง ุนูŽุฑูŽูู’ู†ูŽุง ู…ูŽุงู‡ููŠู‘ูŽุฉูŽ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฏูŽุซู ู†ูุฎูŽุฑู‘ูุฌู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุณูŽุงุฆูู„ูŽ (ููŽู†ูŽู‚ููˆู„ู) ุฅุฐูŽุง ุธูŽู‡ูŽุฑูŽ ุดูŽูŠู’ุกูŒ ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุจูŽูˆู’ู„ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุบูŽุงุฆูุทู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุฑูŽุฃู’ุณู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฎู’ุฑูŽุฌู ุงู†ู’ุชูŽู‚ูŽุถูŽุชู’ ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุงุฑูŽุฉู ู„ููˆูุฌููˆุฏู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฏูŽุซูุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุฎูุฑููˆุฌู ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุฌูŽุณูุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุงู†ู’ุชูู‚ูŽุงู„ูู‡ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุงุทูู†ู ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ุธู‘ูŽุงู‡ูุฑูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุฑูŽุฃู’ุณูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฎู’ุฑูŽุฌู ุนูุถู’ูˆูŒ ุธูŽุงู‡ูุฑูŒุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุง ุงู†ู’ุชูŽู‚ูŽู„ูŽุชู’ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุฌูŽุงุณูŽุฉู ุฅู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ู…ูู†ู’ ู…ูŽูˆู’ุถูุนู ุขุฎูŽุฑูŽ ููŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽ ู…ูŽูˆู’ุถูุนูŽ ุงู„ู’ุจูŽูˆู’ู„ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุซูŽุงู†ูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽู…ูŽูˆู’ุถูุนูŽ ุงู„ู’ุบูŽุงุฆูุทู ู…ูŽูˆู’ุถูุนูŒ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุทู’ู†ู ูŠูู‚ูŽุงู„ู ู„ูŽู‡ู ู‚ููˆู„ููˆู†ูŒุŒ ูˆูŽุณูŽูˆูŽุงุกูŒ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌู ู‚ูŽู„ููŠู„ู‹ุงุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ูƒูŽุซููŠุฑู‹ุง ุณูŽุงู„ูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฑูŽุฃู’ุณู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฎู’ุฑูŽุฌูุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽุณูู„ู’ ู„ูู…ูŽุง ู‚ูู„ู’ู†ูŽุงุŒ ูˆูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู†ููŠู‘ูุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฐู’ูŠูุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุฏู’ูŠูุŒ ูˆูŽุฏูŽู…ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽูŠู’ุถูุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู†ู‘ูููŽุงุณูุŒ ูˆูŽุฏูŽู…ู ุงู„ูุงุณู’ุชูุญูŽุงุถูŽุฉู ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ูƒูู„ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุฃูŽู†ู’ุฌูŽุงุณูŒ ู„ูู…ูŽุง ูŠูุฐู’ูƒูŽุฑ ูููŠ ุจูŽูŠูŽุงู†ู ุฃูŽู†ู’ูˆูŽุงุนู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽู†ู’ุฌูŽุงุณู ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุฏู’ ุงู†ู’ุชูŽู‚ูŽู„ูŽุชู’ ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุงุทูู†ู ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ุธู‘ูŽุงู‡ูุฑู ููŽูˆูŽุฌูŽุฏูŽ ุฎูุฑููˆุฌูŽ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุฌูŽุณู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุขุฏูŽู…ููŠู‘ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽูŠู‘ู ููŽูŠูŽูƒููˆู†ู ุญูŽุฏูŽุซู‹ุง ุฅู„ู‘ูŽุง ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุจูŽุนู’ุถูŽู‡ูŽุง ูŠููˆุฌูุจู ุงู„ู’ุบูุณู’ู„ูŽุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู†ููŠู‘ูุŒ ูˆูŽุฏูŽู…ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽูŠู’ุถูุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู†ู‘ูููŽุงุณูุŒ ูˆูŽุจูŽุนู’ุถูู‡ูŽุง ูŠููˆุฌูุจู ุงู„ู’ูˆูุถููˆุกูŽุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฐู’ูŠูุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุฏู’ูŠูุŒ ูˆูŽุฏูŽู…ู ุงู„ูุงุณู’ุชูุญูŽุงุถูŽุฉู ู„ูู…ูŽุง ูŠูุฐู’ูƒูŽุฑู ุฅู†ู’ ุดูŽุงุกูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ ุชูŽุนูŽุงู„ูŽู‰ุŒ ูˆูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุฎูุฑููˆุฌู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู„ูŽุฏูุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ุฏู‘ููˆุฏูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุญูŽุตูŽุงุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽุญู’ู…ูุŒ ูˆูŽุนููˆุฏู ุงู„ู’ุญูู‚ู’ู†ูŽุฉู ุจูŽุนู’ุฏูŽ ุบูŽูŠู’ุจููˆุจูŽุชูู‡ูŽุงุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู‡ูŽุฐูู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุดู’ูŠูŽุงุกูŽ.
ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽุชู’ ุทูŽุงู‡ูุฑูŽุฉูŒ ูููŠ ุฃูŽู†ู’ููุณูู‡ูŽุง ู„ูŽูƒูู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ู„ูŽุง ุชูŽุฎู’ู„ููˆ ุนูŽู†ู’ ู‚ูŽู„ููŠู„ู ู†ูŽุฌูŽุณู ูŠูŽุฎู’ุฑูุฌู ู…ูŽุนูŽู‡ูŽุงุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽู„ููŠู„ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ุณู‘ูŽุจููŠู„ูŽูŠู’ู†ู ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌูŒ ู„ูู…ูŽุง ุจูŽูŠู‘ูŽู†ู‘ูŽุงุŒ ูˆูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญู ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌูŽุฉู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูุจูุฑูุŒ ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญูŽุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽุชู’ ุฌูุณู’ู…ู‹ุง ุทูŽุงู‡ูุฑู‹ุง ูููŠ ู†ูŽูู’ุณูู‡ู ู„ูŽูƒูู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุฎู’ู„ููˆ ุนูŽู†ู’ ู‚ูŽู„ููŠู„ู ู†ูŽุฌูŽุณู ูŠูŽู‚ููˆู…ู ุจูู‡ู ู„ูุงู†ู’ุจูุนูŽุงุซูู‡ู ู…ูู†ู’ ู…ูŽุญูŽู„ู‘ู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽู†ู’ุฌูŽุงุณูุŒ ูˆูŽุฑููˆููŠูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฑูŽุณููˆู„ู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ๏ทบ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ยซู„ูŽุง ูˆูุถููˆุกูŽ ุฅู„ู‘ูŽุง ู…ูู†ู’ ุตูŽูˆู’ุชู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฑููŠุญูยป .
ูˆูŽุฑููˆููŠูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู ๏ทบ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ยซุฅู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุดู‘ูŽูŠู’ุทูŽุงู†ูŽ ูŠูŽุฃู’ุชููŠ ุฃูŽุญูŽุฏูŽูƒูู…ู’ ููŽูŠูŽู†ู’ููุฎู ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุฃูŽู„ู’ูŠูŽุชูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ููŽูŠูŽู‚ููˆู„ู ุฃูŽุญู’ุฏูŽุซู’ุช ุฃูŽุญู’ุฏูŽุซู’ุช ููŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽู†ู’ุตูŽุฑูููŽู†ู‘ูŽุŒ ุญูŽุชู‘ูŽู‰ ูŠูŽุณู’ู…ูŽุนูŽ ุตูŽูˆู’ุชู‹ุงุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ูŠูŽุฌูุฏูŽ ุฑููŠุญู‹ุงยป .

(ูˆูŽุฃูŽู…ู‘ูŽุง) ุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญู ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌูŽุฉู ู…ูู†ู’ ู‚ูุจูู„ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉูุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฐูŽูƒูŽุฑู ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุฌูู„ู ููŽู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽุฐู’ูƒูุฑู’ ุญููƒู’ู…ูŽู‡ูŽุง ูููŠ ุธูŽุงู‡ูุฑู ุงู„ุฑู‘ููˆูŽุงูŠูŽุฉู.
ูˆูŽุฑููˆููŠูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ูููŠู‡ูŽุง ุงู„ู’ูˆูุถููˆุกูุŒ ูˆูŽุฐูŽูƒูŽุฑูŽ ุงู„ู’ูƒูŽุฑู’ุฎููŠู‘ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽุง ูˆูุถููˆุกูŽ ูููŠู‡ูŽุง ุฅู„ู‘ูŽุง ุฃูŽู†ู’ ุชูŽูƒููˆู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉู ู…ููู’ุถูŽุงุฉู‹ ููŽูŠูŽุฎู’ุฑูุฌู ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ูŽุง ุฑููŠุญูŒ ู…ูู†ู’ุชูู†ูŽุฉูŒ ููŽูŠูุณู’ุชูŽุญูŽุจู‘ู ู„ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุงู„ู’ูˆูุถููˆุกู ูˆูŽุฌู’ู‡ู ุฑููˆูŽุงูŠูŽุฉู ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ูƒูู„ู‘ูŽ ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ูู…ูŽุง ู…ูŽุณู’ู„ูŽูƒู ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุฌูŽุงุณูŽุฉู ูƒูŽุงู„ุฏู‘ูุจูุฑู ููŽูƒูŽุงู†ูŽุชู’ ุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญู ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌูŽุฉู ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ูู…ูŽุง ูƒูŽุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌูŽุฉู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูุจูุฑู ููŽูŠูŽูƒููˆู†ู ุญูŽุฏูŽุซู‹ุง ูˆูŽุฌู’ู‡ู ู…ูŽุง ุฐูŽูƒูŽุฑูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ูƒูŽุฑู’ุฎููŠู‘ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญูŽ ู„ูŽูŠู’ุณูŽุชู’ ุจูุญูŽุฏูŽุซู ูููŠ ู†ูŽูู’ุณูู‡ูŽุง ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุทูŽุงู‡ูุฑูŽุฉูŒุŒ ูˆูŽุฎูุฑููˆุฌู ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽุงู‡ูุฑู ู„ูŽุง ูŠููˆุฌูุจู ุงู†ู’ุชูู‚ูŽุงุถูŽ ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุงุฑูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุง ุงู†ู’ุชูู‚ูŽุงุถู ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุงุฑูŽุฉู ุจูู…ูŽุง ูŠูŽุฎู’ุฑูุฌู ุจูุฎูุฑููˆุฌูู‡ูŽุง ู…ูู†ู’ ุฃูŽุฌู’ุฒูŽุงุกู ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุฌูŽุณูุŒ ูˆูŽู…ูŽูˆู’ุถูุนู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ู…ูู†ู’ ููŽุฑู’ุฌู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉู ู„ูŽูŠู’ุณูŽ ุจูู…ูŽุณู’ู„ูŽูƒู ุงู„ู’ุจูŽูˆู’ู„ู ููŽุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌู ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญู ู„ูŽุง ูŠูุฌูŽุงูˆูุฑูู‡ู ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุฌูŽุณูุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูุฐูŽุง ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽุชู’ ู…ููู’ุถูŽุงุฉู‹ ููŽู‚ูŽุฏู’ ุตูŽุงุฑูŽ ู…ูŽุณู’ู„ูŽูƒู ุงู„ู’ุจูŽูˆู’ู„ูุŒ ูˆูŽู…ูŽุณู’ู„ูŽูƒู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ู…ูŽุณู’ู„ูŽูƒู‹ุง ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู‹ุง ููŽูŠูุญู’ุชูŽู…ูŽู„ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญูŽ ุฎูŽุฑูŽุฌูŽุชู’ ู…ูู†ู’ ู…ูŽุณู’ู„ูŽูƒู ุงู„ู’ุจูŽูˆู’ู„ู ููŽูŠูุณู’ุชูŽุญูŽุจู‘ู ู„ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุงู„ู’ูˆูุถููˆุกูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุฌูุจูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุงุฑูŽุฉูŽ ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงุจูุชูŽุฉูŽ ุจููŠูŽู‚ููŠู†ู ู„ูŽุง ูŠูุญู’ูƒูŽู…ู ุจูุฒูŽูˆูŽุงู„ูู‡ูŽุง ุจูุงู„ุดู‘ูŽูƒู‘ูุŒ ูˆูŽู‚ููŠู„ูŽ ุฅู†ู‘ูŽ ุฎูุฑููˆุฌูŽ ุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ุฐู‘ูŽูƒูŽุฑู ู„ูŽุง ูŠูุชูŽุตูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฑูุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุง ู‡ููˆูŽ ุงุฎู’ุชูู„ูŽุงุฌูŒ ูŠูŽุธูู†ู‘ูู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุฅูู†ู’ุณูŽุงู†ู ุฑููŠุญู‹ุง ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุญููƒู’ู…ู ุงู„ุณู‘ูŽุจููŠู„ูŽูŠู’ู†ู. (ุจุฏุงุฆุน ุงู„ุตู†ุงุฆุน)

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