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Is it permissible for me to seek compensation and be paid from an insurance company?

  • August 2, 2021
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  1. [1]  وَكَذَلِكَ الرَّاكِبُ إذَا كَانَ يَسِيرُ فِي الطَّرِيقِ الْعَامَّةِ فَوَطِئَتْ دَابَّتُهُ رَجُلًا بِيَدَيْهَا أَوْ بِرِجْلِهَا لِوُجُودِ مَعْنَى الْخَطَأِ فِي هَذَا الْقَتْلِ وَحُصُولِهِ عَلَى سَبِيلِ الْمُبَاشَرَةِ؛ لِأَنَّ ثِقَلَ الرَّاكِبِ عَلَى الدَّابَّةِ، وَالدَّابَّةُ آلَةٌ لَهُ فَكَانَ الْقَتْلُ الْحَاصِلِ بِثِقَلِهَا مُضَافًا إلَى الرَّاكِبِ فَكَانَ قَتْلًا مُبَاشَرَةً، وَلَوْ كُدِمَتْ أَوْ صُدِمَتْ أَوْ خُبِطَتْ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ (بدائع الصنائع ج 7 ص 272 كتب العلمية)
  2. الرَّاكِبُ ضَامِنٌ لِمَا وَطِئَتْ الدَّابَّةُ وَلِمَا أَصَابَتْ بِيَدِهَا، أَوْ رِجْلِهَا، أَوْ رَأْسِهَا، أَوْ كَدَمَتْ، أَوْ خَبَطَتْ، وَكَذَا إذَا صَدَمَتْ(مجمع الضمانات ج 1 ص 185 دار الكتاب الإسلامي)
  3. [2]  إمداد الفتاوى ج 4 ص 390 مكتبة دار العلوم كراتشي
  4.  وَلَهُمَا أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْحَرْبِ غَيْرُ مُلْتَزِمِينَ أَحْكَامَ الْإِسْلَامِ وَوِلَايَةُ الْإِلْزَامِ مُنْقَطِعَةٌ لِتَبَايُنِ الدَّارَيْنِ بِخِلَافِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ فإن أَحْكَامَ أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ جَارِيَةٌ عليهم من اسْتِحْقَاقِ النَّفَقَةِ في النِّكَاحِ وَالْعِدَّةِ وَالتَّوَارُثِ بِالنَّسَبِ وَبِالنِّكَاحِ الصَّحِيحِ وَثُبُوتِ خِيَارِ الْبُلُوغِ وَحُرْمَةِ نِكَاحِ الْمَحَارِمِ وَالْمُطَلَّقَةِ ثَلَاثًا وَالزِّنَا وَالرِّبَا وَغَيْرِهَا من الْأَحْكَامِ وقد تَحَقَّقَتْ وِلَايَةُ الْإِلْزَامِ مع تَحَقُّقِ الِالْتِزَامِ وَلِأَبِي حَنِيفَةَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الذِّمَّةِ لَا يَلْتَزِمُونَ أَحْكَامَنَا في الدِّيَانَاتِ وَفِيمَا يَعْتَقِدُونَ خِلَافَهُ من الْمُعَامَلَاتِ وَلِهَذَا لَا نَمْنَعُهُمْ من شُرْبِ الْخَمْرِ وَأَكْلِ الْخِنْزِيرِ وَبَيْعِهِمَا وَوِلَايَةُ الْإِلْزَامُ بِالسَّيْفِ وَالْمُحَاجَّةِ وَكُلُّ ذلك مُنْقَطِعٌ عَنْهُمْ بِاعْتِبَارِ عَقْدِ الذِّمَّةِ فَإِنَّا أُمِرْنَا أَنْ نَتْرُكَهُمْ وما يَدِينُونَ فَصَارُوا كَأَهْلِ الْحَرْبِ فَلَا فَائِدَةَ لِلْمُحَاجَّةِ بَعْدَ الْأَمْرِ بِالتَّرْكِ وَرَفْعِ السَّيْفِ عَنْهُمْ بِخِلَافِ بَائِعٍ مَتْرُوكِ التَّسْمِيَةِ وَنَحْوِهِ حَيْثُ نُبْطِلُهُ بِالْحُجَّةَ وَلِأَنَّ الْمَهْرَ حَقُّ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَالْكَافِرُ غَيْرُ مُخَاطَبٍ بِهِ (تبيين الحقائق ج 2 ص 159 مكتبة إمدادية)

Question:
I want to ask the ruling of Compensation. Because I was involved in a car accident and at the time I felt ok, but after few hours my lower back and both sides started to pain, to an extent when I sleep on my back it is really painful, when I sit, I keep moving to different postures due to the pain.

A friend told me I am able to claim for compensation and using the pay for massage therapy. This will involve informing Claims Company, who will contact the car insurance company, who will pay a lump sum amount, depending on to what I am entitled to. The payment is made after a long process, Medical checks etc.

I don’t know whether it is permissible as insurance company will be paying.

Answer:
 In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
 
As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

In principle, you are permitted to reclaim any amount of damage caused to your vehicle or person in terms of medical costs.[1] It will not be permissible to lay claim for more than the amount of damages incurred. However, if the insurance company chooses to pay you more than the incurred losses, it will be permissible for you to accept it as it was voluntarily offered by the company.

In addition, it is permissible for you to accept the money the insurance company will pay you.[2]

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best

Mufti Faraz Adam


[1]  وَكَذَلِكَ الرَّاكِبُ إذَا كَانَ يَسِيرُ فِي الطَّرِيقِ الْعَامَّةِ فَوَطِئَتْ دَابَّتُهُ رَجُلًا بِيَدَيْهَا أَوْ بِرِجْلِهَا لِوُجُودِ مَعْنَى الْخَطَأِ فِي هَذَا الْقَتْلِ وَحُصُولِهِ عَلَى سَبِيلِ الْمُبَاشَرَةِ؛ لِأَنَّ ثِقَلَ الرَّاكِبِ عَلَى الدَّابَّةِ، وَالدَّابَّةُ آلَةٌ لَهُ فَكَانَ الْقَتْلُ الْحَاصِلِ بِثِقَلِهَا مُضَافًا إلَى الرَّاكِبِ فَكَانَ قَتْلًا مُبَاشَرَةً، وَلَوْ كُدِمَتْ أَوْ صُدِمَتْ أَوْ خُبِطَتْ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ (بدائع الصنائع ج 7 ص 272 كتب العلمية)

الرَّاكِبُ ضَامِنٌ لِمَا وَطِئَتْ الدَّابَّةُ وَلِمَا أَصَابَتْ بِيَدِهَا، أَوْ رِجْلِهَا، أَوْ رَأْسِهَا، أَوْ كَدَمَتْ، أَوْ خَبَطَتْ، وَكَذَا إذَا صَدَمَتْ(مجمع الضمانات ج 1 ص 185 دار الكتاب الإسلامي)

[2]  إمداد الفتاوى ج 4 ص 390 مكتبة دار العلوم كراتشي

 وَلَهُمَا أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْحَرْبِ غَيْرُ مُلْتَزِمِينَ أَحْكَامَ الْإِسْلَامِ وَوِلَايَةُ الْإِلْزَامِ مُنْقَطِعَةٌ لِتَبَايُنِ الدَّارَيْنِ بِخِلَافِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ فإن أَحْكَامَ أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ جَارِيَةٌ عليهم من اسْتِحْقَاقِ النَّفَقَةِ في النِّكَاحِ وَالْعِدَّةِ وَالتَّوَارُثِ بِالنَّسَبِ وَبِالنِّكَاحِ الصَّحِيحِ وَثُبُوتِ خِيَارِ الْبُلُوغِ وَحُرْمَةِ نِكَاحِ الْمَحَارِمِ وَالْمُطَلَّقَةِ ثَلَاثًا وَالزِّنَا وَالرِّبَا وَغَيْرِهَا من الْأَحْكَامِ وقد تَحَقَّقَتْ وِلَايَةُ الْإِلْزَامِ مع تَحَقُّقِ الِالْتِزَامِ وَلِأَبِي حَنِيفَةَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الذِّمَّةِ لَا يَلْتَزِمُونَ أَحْكَامَنَا في الدِّيَانَاتِ وَفِيمَا يَعْتَقِدُونَ خِلَافَهُ من الْمُعَامَلَاتِ وَلِهَذَا لَا نَمْنَعُهُمْ من شُرْبِ الْخَمْرِ وَأَكْلِ الْخِنْزِيرِ وَبَيْعِهِمَا وَوِلَايَةُ الْإِلْزَامُ بِالسَّيْفِ وَالْمُحَاجَّةِ وَكُلُّ ذلك مُنْقَطِعٌ عَنْهُمْ بِاعْتِبَارِ عَقْدِ الذِّمَّةِ فَإِنَّا أُمِرْنَا أَنْ نَتْرُكَهُمْ وما يَدِينُونَ فَصَارُوا كَأَهْلِ الْحَرْبِ فَلَا فَائِدَةَ لِلْمُحَاجَّةِ بَعْدَ الْأَمْرِ بِالتَّرْكِ وَرَفْعِ السَّيْفِ عَنْهُمْ بِخِلَافِ بَائِعٍ مَتْرُوكِ التَّسْمِيَةِ وَنَحْوِهِ حَيْثُ نُبْطِلُهُ بِالْحُجَّةَ وَلِأَنَّ الْمَهْرَ حَقُّ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَالْكَافِرُ غَيْرُ مُخَاطَبٍ بِهِ (تبيين الحقائق ج 2 ص 159 مكتبة إمدادية)

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