The Query
I had applied perfume on my neck before Ihram. Now I can smell that perfume on my hands and arms. Does this result in any penalty?
The Fatwa
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
The Reply
The Fiqh of the Reply
Iแธฅrฤm is a state and not just the name of two sheets of clothing. As such, if something was done prior to entering that state, then it is simply a continuation of that action. The perfumeโs rubbing off onto other parts of the body will be deemed to be used before coming into the state of Iแธฅrฤm. Therefore, this apparent transfer of perfume is legally in the ruling of perfume applied before coming into the state of Iแธฅrฤm.
The Fuqahฤโ have a recurring theme in several Masฤโil, albeit with exceptions, that the continuation of something enjoys the rulings and circumstances of its initial starting state. As such, in the issue under consideration, the continuation of the perfume and its subsequent movement is deemed to be in its initial circumstances and state; the initial circumstance and state was that the perfume was applied out of the state of Iแธฅrฤm. This is the view of Shaykhayn, with Imam al-Kฤsฤnฤซ (d.587 AH) stating that this was initially the view of Imam Muhammad (Raแธฅimahullah) too, but he changed his position thereafter.
Of course, one of the strongest arguments for this issue is the Prophetic example, narrated by Sayyidah สปฤโishah (Raแธiallahu โanhฤ) when reminiscing the memory of the Prophet ๏ทบ. She recalled the memory of perfume on the Prophet ๏ทบ, ย where the shine of the perfume was vivid in the blessed hair of the Prophet ๏ทบ whilst he was in the state of Iแธฅrฤm. [แนขaแธฅฤซแธฅ al-Bukhฤrฤซ] Commentating on this narration, the Fuqahฤโ state that the existence of perfume after coming into the state of Iแธฅrฤm was clearly not an issue as demonstrated by the Prophetic practice.
The Rationale of the Reply
The Fuqahฤโ reason with this issue by stating that it is the application of perfume that is prohibited in the state of Iแธฅrฤm, and not the mere existence of perfume; and as such, the continued existence of perfume (applied prior to the state of Iแธฅrฤm) on oneโs body after coming into the state of Iแธฅrฤm is inconsequential. If the existence of perfume is inconsequential, then it follows that the movement of this very perfume is also inconsequential. The scent that was already applied before cannot be considered application by merely smelling it on another part of the body.
Additionally, Iแธฅrฤm is not simply clothing or oneโs body; Iแธฅrฤm is not restricted to a particular item. Iแธฅrฤm is a state which includes speech, action and person. Therefore, if something happened before the state of Iแธฅrฤm, it is inclusive of speech, action and oneโs person.ย Perfuming occurred before the state of Iแธฅrฤm, which includes both clothing and body, and its presence is continuously found after the state of Iแธฅrฤm, which includes both clothing and body. As such, one clothing to another, or one body part to another cannot be separated in this particular issue and case.
And Almighty Allah Alone Knows Bestย
Mufti Faraz Adam,
Darul Iftaa Muadh ibn Jabal
www.fatwa-centre.com | www.darulfiqh.com
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ุงูููุฏูุฉ ุฌ 1 ุต 242 ุท ุฏุงุฑ ุงูููุฑ:
ูููููู ุชูุทููููุจู ููุจููู ุงููุฅูุญูุฑูุงู ู ุซูู ูู ุงููุชููููู ุจูุนูุฏููู ู ููู ู ูููุงูู ุฅููู ุขุฎูุฑู ู ููู ุจูุฏููููู ููุฅูููููู ููุง ุดูููุกู ุนููููููู ุงุชููููุงููุง ููุฐูุง ููู ุงููุจูุญูุฑู ุงูุฑููุงุฆููู.
ููู ูุชุงูู ูุงุถูุฎุงู:
ูุฃุฌู ุนูุง ุนูู ุฃูู ูุฌูุฒ ุงูุชุทูุจ ูุจู ุงูุฅุญุฑุงู ุจู ุง ูุง ูุจูู ุนููู ุจุนุฏ ุงูุฅุญุฑุงู ูุฅู ุจููุช ุฑุงุฆุญุชู ููุฐุง ุงูุชุทูุจ ุจู ุง ูุจูู ุนููู ุจุนุฏ ุงูุฅุญุฑุงู ูุงูู ุณู ูุงูุบุงููุฉ ุนูุฏูุง ูุง ููุฑู ูู ุงูุฑูุงูุงุช ุงูุธุงูุฑุฉ (ูุงุถูุฎุงู ุฌ 1 ุต 140)
ููุฃูููููู ูููู ุชูุทููููุจู ููุจููู ุงููุฅูุญูุฑูุงู ู ุซูู ูู ุงููุชููููู ุจูุนูุฏููู ู ููู ู ูููุงู ุฅููู ุขุฎูุฑู ู ููู ุจูุฏููููู ููุฅูููููู ููุง ุดูููุกู ุนููููููู ุงุชููููุงููุงุ (ุงูุจุญุฑ ุฌ 3 ุถ 4)
ูู ุฅุฑุดุงุฏ ุงูุณุงุฑู ุต 455:
ูุงูุชูุงู ู ู ู ูุงู ุฅูู ุขุฎุฑ ุฃู ูู ุงูุชูู ุงูุทูุจ ู ู ู ูุงู ุฅูู ู ูุงู ู ู ุจุฏูู ูุง ุฌุฒุงุก ุนููู ุงุชูุงูุง ูุฐุง ูู ุงููุจูุฑ ููู ู ุฎุงูู ููููุงุณ ูุฃูู ูุตูุฑ ุงุณุชุนู ุงู ุนุถููู ููู ู ูุฌุจ ูุฌุฒุงุฆูู ุบุงูุชู ุฃูู ุจุบูุฑ ุชุนู ุฏ ู ูู ุซู ูู ุงูุชุนุจูุฑ ูู ุงูุงูุชูุงู ุฏููู ุนูู ุฃูู ุจูููู ู ู ู ูุงู ุฅูู ู ูุงู ูุชุนุฏุฏ ุงูุฌุฒุงุก
ููู ุจุฏุงุฆุน ุงูุตูุงุฆุน ูู ุชุฑุชูุจ ุงูุดุฑุงุฆุน ูููุงุณุงูู ุฌ 2 ุต 144 ุท ุฏุงุฑ ุงููุชุจ:
ููููุฏููููู ุจูุฃูููู ุฏููููู ุดูุงุกูุ ููููุชูุทููููุจู ุจูุฃูููู ุทููุจู ุดูุงุกู ุณูููุงุกู ููุงูู ุทููุจูุง ุชูุจูููู ุนููููููู ุจูุนูุฏู ุงููุฅูุญูุฑูุงู ู ุฃููู ููุง ุชูุจูููู ููู ูููููู ุฃูุจูู ุญููููููุฉูุ ููุฃูุจูู ูููุณูููุ ูููููู ูููููู ู ูุญูู ููุฏู ุฃููููููุงุ ุซูู ูู ุฑูุฌูุนูุ ููููุงูู: ููููุฑููู ูููู ุฃููู ููุชูุทููููุจู ุจูุทููุจู ุชูุจูููู ุนููููููู ุจูุนูุฏู ุงููุฅูุญูุฑูุงู ู.
ููุญููููู ุนููู ู ูุญูู ููุฏู ููู ุณูุจูุจู ุฑูุฌููุนููู ุฃูููููู ููุงูู: ููููุชู ููุง ุฃูุฑูู ุจููู ุจูุฃูุณูุง ุญูุชููู ุฑูุฃูููุชู ููููู ูุง ุฃูุญูุถูุฑููุง ุทููุจูุง ููุซููุฑูุงุ ููุฑูุฃูููุชู ุฃูู ูุฑูุง ุดููููุนูุง ููููุฑูููุชูููุ ูููููู ูููููู ู ูุงููููุ ุงุญูุชูุฌูู ู ูุญูู ููุฏู ุจูู ูุง ุฑููููู ยซุฃูููู ุงููููุจูููู – ุตููููู ุงูููููู ุนููููููู ููุณููููู ู – ููุงูู ููููุฃูุนูุฑูุงุจูููู: ุงุบูุณููู ุนููููู ููุฐูุง ุงููุฎููููููยป .
ููุฑููููู ุนููู ุนูู ูุฑูุ ููุนูุซูู ูุงูู – ุฑูุถููู ุงูููููู ุนูููููู ูุง – ุฃููููููู ูุง ููุฑูููุง ุฐูููููุ ููููุฃูููููู ุฅุฐูุง ุจููููู ุนููููููู ููููุชููููู ู ููู ุงููู ูููุถูุนู ุงูููุฐูู ุทููููุจููู ุฅููู ู ูููุถูุนู ุขุฎูุฑู ููููุตููุฑู ููุฃูููููู ุทููููุจู ุฐููููู ุงููู ูููุถูุนู ุงุจูุชูุฏูุงุกู ุจูุนูุฏู ุงููุฅูุญูุฑูุงู ูุ ููููุฃูุจูู ุญููููููุฉูุ ููุฃูุจูู ูููุณููู ู ูุง ุฑููููู ุนููู ุนูุงุฆูุดูุฉู – ุฑูุถููู ุงูููููู ุนูููููุง – ุฃููููููุง ููุงููุชู ยซุทููููุจูุชู ุฑูุณูููู ุงูููููู – ุตููููู ุงูููููู ุนููููููู ููุณููููู ู – ููุฅูุญูุฑูุงู ููู ุญูููู ุฃูุญูุฑูู ูุ ููููุฅูุญูููุงูููู ุญูููู ุฃูุญูููู ููุจููู ุฃููู ููุทูููู ุจูุงููุจูููุชูุ ููููููุฏู ุฑูุฃูููุชู ููุจููุตู ุงูุทูููุจู ููู ู ูููุงุฑููู ุฑูุณูููู ุงูููููู – ุตููููู ุงูููููู ุนููููููู ููุณููููู ู – ุจูุนูุฏู ุฅุญูุฑูุงู ูููยป ุ ููู ูุนููููู ู ุฃูููู ููุจููุตู ุงูุทูููุจู ุฅูููู ูุง ููุชูุจูููููู ู ูุนู ุจูููุงุกู ุนููููููู ููุฏูููู ุฃูููู ุงูุทูููุจู ููุงูู ุจูุญูููุซู ุชูุจูููู ุนููููููู ุจูุนูุฏู ุงููุฅูุญูุฑูุงู ูุ ููููุฃูููู ุงูุชููุทููููุจู ุจูุนูุฏู ุญูุตููู ู ูุจูุงุญูุง ููู ุงููุงุจูุชูุฏูุงุกู ููุญูุตูููููู ููู ุบูููุฑู ุญูุงูู ุงููุฅูุญูุฑูุงู ูุ ููุงููุจูููุงุกู ุนูููู ุงูุชููุทููููุจู ููุง ููุณูู ููู ุชูุทููููุจูุง ููููุง ููููุฑููู ููู ูุง ุฅุฐูุง ุญููููู ุฑูุฃูุณููู ุซูู ูู ุฃูุญูุฑูู ู.
ููุฃูู ููุง ุญูุฏููุซู ุงููุฃูุนูุฑูุงุจูููู ูููููู ู ูุญูู ูููู ุนูููู ู ูุง ุฅุฐูุง ููุงูู ุนููููููู ุซูููุจู ู ูุฒูุนูููุฑูุ ููุงูุฑููุฌููู ููู ูููุนู ู ููู ุงููู ูุฒูุนูููุฑู ููู ุบูููุฑู ุญูุงูู ุงููุฅูุญูุฑูุงู ู ููููู ุญูุงูู ุงููุฅูุญูุฑูุงู ู ุฃููููููุ ุญูู ูููููุงูู ุนูููู ููุฐูุง ุชููููููููุง ุจููููู ุงููุญูุฏููุซููููู ุจูููุฏูุฑู ุงููุฅูู ูููุงูู.
ููุฃูู ููุง ุญูุฏููุซู ุนูู ูุฑูุ ููุนูุซูู ูุงูู ููููุฏู ุฑููููู ุนููู ุงุจููู ุนูู ูุฑูุ ููุนูุงุฆูุดูุฉู – ุฑูุถููู ุงูููููู ุนูููููู ูุง – ุจูุฎูููุงูููู ููููููุนู ุงูุชููุนูุงุฑูุถู ููุณูููุทู ุงููุงุญูุชูุฌูุงุฌู ุจูููููููููู ูุงุ ููู ูุง ุฐูููุฑู ู ููู ู ูุนูููู ุงููุงููุชูููุงูู ุฅููู ู ูููุงู ุขุฎูุฑู ุบูููุฑู ุณูุฏููุฏูุ ููุฃูููู ุงุนูุชูุจูุงุฑููู ูููุฌูุจู ุงููุฌูุฒูุงุกู ูููู ุงููุชูููููุ ููููููุณู ููุฐููููู ุจูุงููุฅูุฌูู ูุงุนู.
ูููููู ุงุจูุชูุฏูุฃู ุงูุทูููุจู ุจูุนูุฏู ุงููุฅูุญูุฑูุงู ู ููููุฌูุจูุชู ุนููููููู ุงูููููููุงุฑูุฉู ูููููููุฑูุ ููุจููููู ุนููููููู ูููู ููููุฒูู ููู ูููููุงุฑูุฉู ุฃูุฎูุฑูู ุจูุจูููุงุกู ุงูุทูููุจู ุนูููููููุ ุงุฎูุชููููู ุงููู ูุดูุงููุฎู ูููููุ ููุงูู ุจูุนูุถูููู ู: ููููุฒูู ููู ูููููุงุฑูุฉู ุฃูุฎูุฑููุ ููุฃูููู ุงุจูุชูุฏูุงุกู ุงููุฅูุญูุฑูุงู ู ููุงูู ู ูุญูุธููุฑูุง ููููุฌููุฏููู ููู ุญูุงูู ุงููุฅูุญูุฑูุงู ู ููููุฐูุง ุงููุจูููุงุกู ุนููููููู ุจูุฎูููุงูู ุงููู ูุณูุฃูููุฉู ุงููุฃูููููุ ููููุงูู ุจูุนูุถูููู ู ููุง ููููุฒูู ููู ูููููุงุฑูุฉู ุฃูุฎูุฑููุ ููุฃูููู ุญูููู ู ุงููุงุจูุชูุฏูุงุกู ููุฏู ุณูููุทู ุนููููู ุจูุงูููููููุงุฑูุฉูุ ููุงููุจูููุงุกู ุนูููู ุงูุทูููุจู ููุง ูููุฌูุจู ุงูููููููุงุฑูุฉู ููู ูุง ููู ุงููู ูุณูุฃูููุฉู ุงููุฃููููู.
ููู ุจุฏุงุฆุน ุงูุตูุงุฆุน ูู ุชุฑุชูุจ ุงูุดุฑุงุฆุน ูููุงุณุงูู ุฌ 6 ุต 138 ุท ุฏุงุฑ ุงููุชุจ:
(ููุฌููู) ุฑูููุงููุฉู ุฃูุจูู ูููุณููู ุฃูููู ุญูุงูู ุงููุจูููุงุกู ููุง ููููุงุณู ุนูููู ุญูุงูู ุงููุงุจูุชูุฏูุงุกูุุ ููุฃูููู ุงููุจูููุงุกู ุฃูุณููููู ู ููู ุญูููู ู ุงููุงุจูุชูุฏูุงุกู
ูู ุงูุนูุงูุฉ ุฌ 2 ุต 8 ุท ุฏุงุฑ ุงูููุฑ ููุจุงุจุฑุชู (ุช 786ู):
ููููุฐููููู ูููููููู ุจูุงููุงุชููููุงูู ููุฎูุงูููู ูููููููู ููุจููููู ููุฐูุง ูููู ููุนูุฏู ููุฌููุฒู ุนูููุฏููู ู ููู ุบูููุฑู ุนูุฐูุฑู ููุฑูุงููุฉูุ ููููุฐูุง ููุฎูุงูููู ุฅุทูููุงูู ู ูุง ุฐูููุฑู ููู ุจูุงุจู ุงููููููุงููููุ ููููุฌููุฒู ุฃููู ููููุงูู ุฐูููุฑู ููู ู ูุจูุณููุทู ููุฎูุฑู ุงููุฅูุณูููุงู ู ููุฌูุงู ูุนู ุฃูุจูู ุงููู ูุนูููู ุฃูููููู ูููู ููุนูุฏู ููู ุงูููููููู ููุง ููููุฑููู ุนูููุฏููู ููู ุงูุตููุญููุญูุ ููุฃูููู ุงููุงุจูุชูุฏูุงุกู ุนูููู ููุฐูุง ุงููููุฌููู ู ูุดูุฑููุนู ุจูููุง ููุฑูุงููุฉูุ ููุงููุจูููุงุกู ุฃูููููู ููุฃูููู ุญูููู ู ุงููุจูููุงุกู ุฃูุณููููู ู ููู ุญูููู ู ุงููุงุจูุชูุฏูุงุกู. ูููููููููู ููู ุงูุตููุญููุญู ููุฏูููู ุนูููู ุฃูููู ุซูู ููุฉู ุบูููุฑู ุตูุญููุญูุ ููุงููุฅูุทูููุงูู ููุงููููุง ููููู ุจูุงุจู ุงููููููุงูููู ููููููู ุนูููู ุงูุตููุญููุญู. ูููููููููู ููููููุฑููู ุจูุงููุงุชููููุงูู ุนูููู ุบูููุฑู ุงูุตููุญููุญูุ ููููุนูููู ูููููููู ุจูุงููุงุชููููุงูู ููููุนู ุณูููููุง ู ููู ุงููููุงุชูุจู.
ูู ุงูุนูุงูุฉ ุฌ 9 ุต 101 ุท ุฏุงุฑ ุงูููุฑ ููุจุงุจุฑุชู (ุช 786ู):
ููุฃูููู ุงููุนูููุฏู ุงููุบูููุฑู ุงููููุงุฒูู ู ูููู ุงูููุฐูู ููููููู ููููุจูููุงุกู ููููู ุญูููู ู ุงููุงุจูุชูุฏูุงุกู ููู ูุง ุชูููุฏููู ู ููู ุงููููููุงููุฉูุ
ูู ุงูุนูุงูุฉ ุฌ 10 ุต 154 ุท ุฏุงุฑ ุงูููุฑ ููุจุงุจุฑุชู (ุช 786ู):
ููุงูุดูููููุนู ุงูุทููุงุฑูุฆู ููู ูููุนู ุจูููุงุกู ุงูุฑูููููู ููู ุฑูููุงููุฉู ุงููุฃูุตูููุ ููุนููู ุฃูุจูู ูููุณููู ุฃูููููู ููุง ููู ูููุนูุ ููุฃูููู ุญูููู ู ุงููุจูููุงุกู ุฃูุณููููู ู ููู ุญูููู ู ุงููุงุจูุชูุฏูุงุกู ููุฃูุดูุจููู ุงููููุจูุฉู
ุงูุฌููุฑุฉ ุงูููุฑุฉ ููุญุฏุงุฏู ุงูุฒุจูุฏู (ุช 800 ู) ุต 151 ุท ุฏุงุฑ ุงููุชุจ:
(ูููููููู ููู ูุณูู ุทููุจูุง ุฅูู ููุงูู ูููู) ููุฐูุง ููุฏูููู ุนูููู ุฃูููู ุงูุทูููุจู ู ููู ุณููููู ุงูุฒููููุงุฆูุฏู ููููููุณู ู ููู ุณููููู ุงููููุฏููู
ููุนููู ุฃูุจูู ูููุณููู ุฃูููู ุงูุทููุงุฑูุฆู ููุง ููุคูุซููุฑู ููู ุงูุฑููููููุ ููุฃูููู ุญูููู ู ุงููุจูููุงุกู ุฃูุณููููู ู ููู ุญูููู ู ุงููุงุจูุชูุฏูุงุกู ุฃูููุง ุชูุฑูู ุฃูููู ู ูุนูุชูุฏููุฉู ุงููุบูููุฑู ููุง ููุฌููุฒู ุฃููู ุชูููููู ู ูุญููููุง ููููููููุงุญู ุงุจูุชูุฏูุงุกู ููููุจูููู ุงููููููุงุญู ููู ุญููููููุง ุจูุฃููู ููุทูุฆูุชู ุงู ูุฑูุฃูุฉู ุงูุฑููุฌููู ุจูุดูุจูููุฉู ุชูุนูุชูุฏูู ููุฐููููู ุงููููุทูุกู ููููุง ููุจูุทููู ุงููููููุงุญู ููููุงูุดูููููุนู ุงูุทููุงุฑูุฆู ููู ุงููููุจูุฉู ููุง ููู ูููุนู ุตูุญููุชูููุง ุจูููุงุกู ููููู ูููุนู ุตูุญููุชูููุง ุงุจูุชูุฏูุงุกู