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Question:

What is the ruling of shill bidding on ebay?

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

The Answer:

Shill bidding has been explicitly prohibited by the Prophet ﷺ.
Shill bidding or artificial bidding is against the policies of eBay.  To breach an agreement after agreeing to it is not permissible unless there are exceptional circumstances.

The jurists have categorically stated that shill bidding in order to inflate the price over its market value and worth is severely disliked.  To engage in such a practice and to prompt others to participate in such activity is sinful.[1]

And Allah Ta’ālā Alone Knows Best

Mufti Faraz Adam,
www.darulfiqh.com
 
DISCLAIMER:
The views and opinions expressed in this answer belong only to the author and do not in any way represent or reflect the views of any institutions to which he may be affiliated.
Arguments and ideas propounded in this answer are based on the juristic interpretations and reasoning of the author. Given that contemporary issues and interpretations of contemporary issues are subjective in nature, another Mufti may reach different conclusions to the one expressed by the author. Whilst every effort has been taken to ensure total accuracy and soundness from a Shari’ah perspective, the author is open to any correction or juristic guidance. On the event of any juristic shortcomings, the author will retract any or all of the conclusions expressed within this answer.
The Shari’ah ruling given herein is based specifically on the scenario in question.  The author bears no responsibility towards any party that acts or does not act on this answer and is exempted from any and all forms of loss or damage.  This answer may not be used as evidence in any court of law without prior written consent from the author.  Consideration is only given and is restricted to the specific links provided, the author does not endorse nor approve of any other content the website may contain.


[1]  (وَمِنْهَا) النَّجْشُ وَهُوَ أَنْ يَمْدَحَ السِّلْعَةَ وَيَطْلُبَهَا بِثَمَنٍ ثُمَّ لَا يَشْتَرِيهِ بِنَفْسِهِ وَلَكِنْ لِيُسْمِعَ غَيْرَهُ فَيَزِيدَ فِي ثَمَنِهِ وَإِنَّهُ مَكْرُوهٌ لِمَا رُوِيَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – أَنَّهُ «نَهَى عَنْ النَّجْشِ» ؛ وَلِأَنَّهُ احْتِيَالٌ لِلْإِضْرَارِ بِأَخِيهِ الْمُسْلِمِ وَهَذَا إذَا كَانَ الْمُشْتَرِي يَطْلُبُ السِّلْعَةَ مِنْ صَاحِبِهَا بِمِثْلِ ثَمَنِهَا، فَأَمَّا إذَا كَانَ يَطْلُبُهَا بِأَقَلَّ مِنْ ثَمَنِهَا فَنَجَشَ رَجُلٌ سِلْعَةً حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ إلَى ثَمَنِهَا فَهَذَا لَيْسَ بِمَكْرُوهٍ وَإِنْ كَانَ النَّاجِشُ لَا يُرِيدُ شِرَاءَهَا وَاَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَعْلَمُ. (بدائع الصنائع)

(قَوْلُهُ فِي الْمَتْنِ: وَكُرِهَ النَّجْشُ وَالسَّوْمُ إلَخْ) قِيلَ لَمَّا كَانَ الْمَكْرُوهُ أَدْنَى دَرَجَةً مِنْ الْفَسَادِ وَلَكِنَّهُ شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ شُعَبِ الْفَسَادِ أَلْحَقَهُ بِالْفَسَادِ وَأَخَّرَهُ عَنْهُ. اهـ. أَتْقَانِيٌّ وَكَتَبَ مَا نَصُّهُ قَالَ الْأَتْقَانِيُّ وَالْمَعْنَى فِي كَرَاهِيَةِ النَّجْشِ الْغُرُورُ وَالْخِدَاعُ. اهـ.(حاشية الشلبي على تبيين الحقائق) 

رَجُلٌ اسْتَامَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ شَيْئًا بِثَمَنِ الْمِثْلِ فَزَادَ رَجُلٌ آخَرَ فِي الثَّمَنِ لَا يُرِيدُ شِرَاءَهُ وَأَنَّمَا يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ لِيُرَغِّبَ الْمُشْتَرِيَ فِي الزِّيَادَةِ فَذَلِكَ مَكْرُوهٌ وَهُوَ النَّجْشُ الْمَنْهِيُّ عَنْهُ، وَإِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي اسْتَامَ يَطْلُبُ الشِّرَاءَ بِأَقَلَّ مِنْ قِيمَتِهِ فَلَا بَأْسَ لِغَيْرِهِ أَنْ يَزِيدَ حَتَّى يُرَغِّبَ الْمُشْتَرِيَ فِي الزِّيَادَةِ إلَى تَمَامِ قِيمَتِهِ وَهُوَ مَأْجُورٌ فِي ذَلِكَ كَذَا فِي فَتَاوَى قَاضِي خَانْ. (الهندية)

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