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Will crabs and other creatures such as lobsters contaminate fish and meat sold in one place?

  • August 2, 2021

Question:

Will crabs and other creatures such as lobsters contaminate fish and meat sold in one place?

Answer:

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

In principle, according to the Hanafi school, only samak (loosely translated as fish) is ḥalāl and lawful for consumption from the aquatic species. Crabs, lobsters, squids, octopuses and other such aquatic species are unlawful.

Aquatic creatures which are born and can only live in the water do not become impure upon death, regardless if they are Halāl or not. Therefore, lobsters, squids, octopuses and other creatures, despite being unlawful for consumption in the Hanafi school, will be deemed pure after death and will not contaminate other fish and meat sold together.

Aquatic creatures which are born in the sea and can survive out of the sea such as crabs and frogs will also remain pure upon death. Mixing with other fish and meat will not cause contamination.[1]

And Allah Ta’ālā Knows Best
Mufti Faraz Adam,
www.darulfiqh.com


[1]  وَجُمْلَةُ الْكَلَامِ فِي الْمَيْتَاتِ أَنَّهَا نَوْعَانِ: أَحَدُهُمَا – مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ دَمٌ سَائِلٌ وَالثَّانِي مَا لَهُ دَمٌ سَائِلٌ.

(أَمَّا) الَّذِي لَيْسَ لَهُ دَمٌ سَائِلٌ: فَالذُّبَابُ وَالْعَقْرَبُ وَالزُّنْبُورُ وَالسَّرَطَانُ وَنَحْوُهَا، وَأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِنَجِسٍ عِنْدَنَا، (بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع ج 1 ص 62 دار الكتب)

وَإِنْ كَانَ مَائِيًّا كَالضُّفْدَعِ الْمَائِيِّ وَالسَّرَطَانِ وَنَحْوِ ذَلِكَ، فَإِنْ مَاتَ فِي الْمَاءِ لَا يُنَجِّسُهُ فِي ظَاهِرِ الرِّوَايَةِ. (بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع ج 1 ص 79 دار الكتب)

قَالَ: (وَمَا كَانَ مَائِيَّ الْمَوْلِدِ مِنَ الْحَيَوَانِ مَوْتُهُ فِي الْمَاءِ لَا يُفْسِدُهُ) كَالسَّمَكِ وَالضِّفْدَعِ وَالسَّرَطَانِ لِقَوْلِهِ – عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ -: «هُوَ الطَّهُورُ مَاؤُهُ الْحِلُّ مَيْتَتُهُ» ، فَاسْتَفَدْنَا بِهِ عَدَمَ تَنَجُّسِهِ بِالْمَوْتِ وَإِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ نَجِسًا لَا يَنْجَسُ مَا يُجَاوِرُهُ، وَلِأَنَّهُ لَا دَمَ فِي هَذِهِ الْأَشْيَاءِ وَهُوَ الْمُنَجِّسُ، إِذِ الدَّمَوِيُّ لَا يَتَوَالَدُ فِي الْمَاءِ، وَكَذَا لَوْ مَاتَ خَارِجَ الْمَاءِ ثُمَّ وَقَعَ فِيهِ لِمَا بَيَّنَّا، وَلَوْ مَاتَ فِي غَيْرِ الْمَاءِ كَالْخَلِّ وَاللَّبَنِ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ أَنَّهُ لَا يُفْسِدُهُ، وَسَوَاءٌ فِيهِ الْمُنْتَفِخُ وَغَيْرُهُ، وَعَنْهُ أَنَّهُ سَوَّى بَيْنَ الضِّفْدَعِ الْبَرِّيِّ وَالْمَائِيِّ، وَقِيلَ: إِنْ كَانَ لِلْبَرِّيِّ دَمٌ سَائِلٌ أَفْسَدَهُ، وَهُوَ الصَّحِيحُ. (الاختيار لتعليل المختار ج 1 ص 15)

(قَوْلُهُ: وَمَائِيٌّ مُوَلَّدٌ) عَطْفٌ عَلَى قَوْلِهِ غَيْرُ دَمَوِيٍّ: أَيْ مَا يَكُونُ تَوَالُدُهُ وَمَثْوَاهُ فِي الْمَاءِ سَوَاءٌ كَانَتْ لَهُ نَفْسٌ سَائِلَةٌ أَوْ لَا فِي ظَاهِرِ الرِّوَايَةِ بَحْرٌ عَنْ السِّرَاجِ: أَيْ لِأَنَّ ذَلِكَ لَيْسَ بِدَمٍ حَقِيقَةً وَعُرِفَ فِي الْخُلَاصَةِ الْمَائِيُّ بِمَا لَوْ اُسْتُخْرِجَ مِنْ الْمَاءِ يَمُوتُ مِنْ سَاعَتِهِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ يَعِيشُ فَهُوَ مَائِيٌّ وَبَرِّيٌّ فَجَعَلَ بَيْنَ الْمَائِيِّ وَالْبَرِّيِّ قِسْمًا آخَرَ وَهُوَ مَا يَكُونُ مَائِيًّا وَبَرِّيًّا، لَكِنْ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ لَهُ حُكْمًا عَلَى حِدَةٍ. وَالصَّحِيحُ أَنَّهُ مُلْحَقٌ بِالْمَائِيِّ لِعَدَمِ الدَّمَوِيَّةِ شَرْحُ الْمُنْيَةِ. أَقُولُ: وَالْمُرَادُ بِهَذَا الْقِسْمِ الْآخَرِ مَا يَكُونُ تَوَالُدُهُ فِي الْمَاءِ وَلَا يَمُوتُ مِنْ سَاعَتِهِ لَوْ أُخْرِجَ مِنْهُ كَالسَّرَطَانِ وَالضِّفْدَعِ، بِخِلَافِ مَا يَتَوَالَدُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَيَعِيشُ فِي الْمَاءِ كَالْبَطِّ وَالْإِوَزِّ كَمَا يَأْتِي. (رد المحتار ج 1 ص 184-185)

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