What happens if I am performing Fajr and sunrise begins?
The question, as received
If I am reading my Fajr Salaah and the sun rises whilst I am still reading, what is the ruling? For example if sunrise is 7.16 am. I begin 2 rakaats farz of fajr at 7.14. I do salam after tashahhud. When I do salam the clock says 7.16 and 50 seconds.
Will that salah be accepted? Do I need to repeat the Salah?
The answer
In principle, it is not permissible to perform any salāh during the following times[1]:
Explanation
1) Sunrise
2) The sun at its zenith
3) Sunset (with the exception of ῾Asr of that day)
If one is performing Fajr and sunrise begins, the Fajr salāh becomes nullified.2 One should stop performing Salāh immediately. Wait approximately 15 minutes for the sun to completely rise. Once the sun has risen, one should perform Qadhā’ of the Fajr salāh.
And Allah knows best.
Mufti Faraz Adam
References
1ثَلَاثُ سَاعَاتٍ لَا تَجُوزُ فيها الْمَكْتُوبَةُ وَلَا صَلَاةُ الْجِنَازَةِ وَلَا سَجْدَةُ التِّلَاوَةِ إذَا طَلَعَتْ الشَّمْسُ حتى تَرْتَفِعَ وَعِنْدَ الِانْتِصَافِ إلَى أَنْ تَزُولَ وَعِنْدَ احْمِرَارِهَا إلَى أَنْ يَغِيبَ إلَّا عَصْرَ يَوْمِهِ ذلك فإنه يَجُوزُ أَدَاؤُهُ عِنْدَ الْغُرُوبِ هَكَذَا في فَتَاوَى قَاضِي خَانْ (الفتاوى الهندية ج 1 ص 52 الرشيدية)
2(قَوْلُهُ: بِخِلَافِ الْفَجْرِ إلَخْ) أَيْ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُؤَدِّي فَجْرَ يَوْمِهِ وَقْتَ الطُّلُوعِ؛ لِأَنَّ وَقْتَ الْفَجْرِ كُلَّهُ كَامِلٌ فَوَجَبَتْ كَامِلَةً، فَتَبْطُلُ بِطُرُوِّ الطُّلُوعِ الَّذِي هُوَ وَقْتُ فَسَادٍ. (رد المحتار ج 1 ص 373 أيج أيم سعيد)
وإذا أشرقت الشمس وهو في صلاة الفجر بطلت (مراقي الفلاح ص 76المكتبة العصرية)
“وطلوع الشمس في الفجر” لطرو الناقض على الكامل (مراقي الفلاح ص 122المكتبة العصرية)
وَلَوْ طَلَعَتْ الشَّمْسُ وَهُوَ فِي خِلَالِ الْفَجْرِ فَسَدَتْ صَلَاتُهُ عِنْدَنَا (المبسوط للسرخسي ج 1 ص 152 دار المعرفة)
Based on the Hanafi school and on the question as it was asked. Another mufti may reach a different conclusion. Read the disclaimer.