Kissing the hands of elders upon greeting them

In the comprehensive framework of Sharī’ah, detailed guidelines encompass all aspects of life, reflecting a holistic approach to moral, ethical, and social conduct. For instance, in matters of names

‘Allāmah ‘Aynī (d.855 AH) in his celebrated commentary on the Hidāyah closing a nuanced discussion on the matter states that “it is understood from the entirety of what we have mentioned (divine sources), that the kissing of the hand, the head, and the side is permissible as is known from the aforementioned Ahādīth, namely the Hadith of Abdullah bin J’afar, which al-Bayhaqī (d.458 AH) has narrated in ‘Shu’ab al-Īmān’. However, he states that this is permissible when done in the spirit of compassion and honour. He cautions, though, that if such acts are driven by lust, they are not permissible except between spouses. This viewpoint has also been corroborated by Ibn ‘Ābidīn (d.1252 AH) and others.

Imām ‘Alā’ al-Dīn Haṣkafī (d.1088 AH), by way of annotation and insight, quotes that kissing is of five types:

1. Affectionate Kiss: Directed towards a child, this kiss is placed gently on the cheek, symbolizing affection.
2. Merciful Kiss: This form of kiss is bestowed upon one’s parents, gracing the head, as a gesture of mercy and reverence.
3. Compassionate Kiss: Aimed at expressing empathy and closeness, this kiss is given to a brother/companion on the forehead.
4. Desirous Kiss: Reflecting romantic and marital love, this kiss is shared with one’s wife and, as per cultural context.
5. Greeting Kiss: Serving as a form of respectful greeting, this kiss is given to fellow believers, traditionally on the hand.

He also notes that additional forms of kisses linked to religious practices have been identified, such as the act of kissing the Black Stone (al-Ḥajr al-Aswad). Furthermore, he personally references the practice of kissing the Musḥaf (Qur’an) and cites narrations concerning ‘Umar and ‘Uthmān (رضي الله عنهما) who engaged in this practice.

In conclusion, as mentioned above, it is permissible to kiss an elder in greeting, provided that the action is devoid of any lustful intent. It is advisable, however, to adhere to the framework outlined above, respecting the relational contexts each type of kiss represents. Moreover, Mufti Radhā’ al-Ḥaq emphasises that in situations where there is uncertainty regarding the appropriateness on one’s own part, abstinence must be exercised. This guidance ensures the safety and respect of all parties.