ConditionalWorship · Purification (Ṭahārah)

How Is Wudu Valid Whilst Using a Spray Bottle?

The question, as received

Can you advise if its possible to do wudhu using a spray bottle, if so is there anything i need to be careful about e.g. Does the water need to drip?

The answer

It is permissible to use a spray bottle to perform wuḍū’ (ablution) as long as the mandatory area of each limb is washed and at least a two drops fall from any portion of the limb as the minimum legal requirement for the validity of wuḍū’.

Condition: Each limb's mandatory area must be washed with at least two drops dripping from it.

Explanation

A spray bottle for wuḍū’ should only be used when one is in a condition or situation where he cannot perform wuḍū’ adhering to the Sunnah guidance and methodology.

Fiqh basis

In the Qur’an, Allah The Almighty has commanded us to “wash” (gasl) the limbs. This is different to Masah (wiping). One of the differentiating factors is the flowing of water as a result of washing. Washing necessitates the flow of considerable water. This flow will manifest by the falling of at least two drops according to the strongest position in the Hanafi school of Fiqh.

Imam Abū Hanīfah and Imam Muḥammad raḥimahumallah were of the opinion that a minimum of two drops must fall for the validity of washing a limb. This has been deemed as the reliable position of the school by the latter jurists1.

And Allah knows best.

Mufti Faraz Adam

References

1فَلَا بُدَّ مِنْ مَعْرِفَةِ مَعْنَى الْغَسْلِ وَالْمَسْحِ فَالْغَسْلُ هُوَ إسَالَةُ الْمَائِعِ عَلَى الْمَحَلِّ، وَالْمَسْحُ هُوَ الْإِصَابَةُ، حَتَّى لَوْ غَسَلَ أَعْضَاءَ وُضُوئِهِ، وَلَمْ يُسِلْ الْمَاءَ، بِأَنْ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ مِثْلَ الدُّهْنِ، لَمْ يَجُزْ فِي ظَاهِرِ الرِّوَايَةِ.

وَرُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي يُوسُفَ أَنَّهُ يَجُوزُ وَعَلَى هَذَا قَالُوا: لَوْ تَوَضَّأَ بِالثَّلْجِ، وَلَمْ يَقْطُرْ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ لَا يَجُوزُ، وَلَوْ قَطَرَقَطْرَتَانِ، أَوْ ثَلَاثٌ، جَازَ لِوُجُودِ الْإِسَالَةِ، وَسُئِلَ الْفَقِيهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الْهِنْدُوَانِيُّ عَنْ التَّوَضُّؤِ بِالثَّلْجِ، فَقَالَ: ذَلِكَ مَسْحٌ، وَلَيْسَ بِغَسْلٍ، فَإِنْ عَالَجَهُ حَتَّى يَسِيلَ يَجُوزُ وَعَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُتَوَضِّئِ فِي الشِّتَاءِ أَنْ يَبُلَّ أَعْضَاءَهُ شِبْهَ الدُّهْنِ، ثُمَّ يُسِيلَ الْمَاءَ عَلَيْهَا؛ لِأَنَّ الْمَاءَ يَتَجَافَى عَنْ الْأَعْضَاءِ فِي الشِّتَاءِ. (بدائع الصنائع ج 1 ص 3 ط دار الكتب)

وأقلهقطرتان في الأصح ولا تكفي الإسالةبدون التقاطر (مراقي الفلاح ص 28 طالمكتبة العصرية)

وَفِي الْفَيْضِ أَقَلُّهُ قَطْرَتَانِ فِي الْأَصَحِّ (الدر المختار ج 1 ص 96 ط السعيد)

الْأَوَّلُ:غَسْلُ الْوَجْهِ الْغُسْلُ: هُوَ الْإِسَالَةُ وَالْمَسْحُ هُوَ الْإِصَابَةُ. كَذَا فِي الْهِدَايَةِ.

وَفِي شَرْحِ الطَّحَاوِيِّ أَنَّ تَسْيِيلَ الْمَاءِ شَرْطٌ فِي الْوُضُوءِ فِي ظَاهِرِ الرِّوَايَةِ فَلَا يَجُوزُ الْوُضُوءُ مَا لَمْ يَتَقَاطَرْ الْمَاءُ، وَعَنْ أَبِي يُوسُفَ – رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ – أَنَّ التَّقَاطُرَ لَيْسَ بِشَرْطٍ فَفِي مَسْأَلَةِ الثَّلْجِ إذَا تَوَضَّأَ بِهِ إنْقَطَرَقَطْرَتَانِ فَصَاعِدًا يَجُوزُ إجْمَاعًا وَإِنْ كَانَ بِخِلَافِهِ فَهُوَ عَلَى قَوْلِ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ وَمُحَمَّدٍ – رَحِمَهُمَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى – لَا يَجُوزُ، وَعَلَى قَوْلِ أَبِي يُوسُفَ – رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى – يَجُوزُ كَذَا فِي الذَّخِيرَةِ

وَالصَّحِيحُ قَوْلُهُمَا. كَذَا فِي الْمُضْمَرَاتِ (الهندية ج 1 ص 3 ط الرشيدية)

Based on the Hanafi school and on the question as it was asked. Another mufti may reach a different conclusion. Read the disclaimer.